Cosmos Hub
The main component in the Cosmos Network is the Cosmos Hub. The Hub is a multi-asset PoS cryptocurrency with a simple governance mechanism that allows independent blockchains (zones) to communicate to each other via an Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol. This allows tokens to be transferred from one zone to another securely and quickly without the need for exchange liquidity between zones. Instead, all inter-zone token transfers go through the Cosmos Hub.
The Hub keeps track of the total amount of tokens held by each zone, and isolates them if one of them fails.
// Security in the Hub
Note: this considers the Cosmos Network with one hub for simplicity, but any zone can become a hub